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Effect of natural resource on improving indoor thermal environment in Chongqing

Yong DING, Baizhan LI, Qing LUO, Hong LIU, Meng LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 211-218 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0018-1

摘要： This paper analyzes the potential of natural resources to improve the indoor thermal environment in Chongqing through the statistical analysis of natural resources including solar energy, wind, water, and earth, etc. The building form, systems, and principle of usage of natural resources are briefly analyzed through the building site decision, building form design, and computer simulation, which will be the real reference for the design of building energy efficiency.

关键词： natural resource     indoor thermal environment     renewable energy    

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Digital twin for healthy indoor environment: A vision for the post-pandemic era

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 300-318 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0244-y

摘要： Indoor environment has significant impacts on human health as people spend 90% of their time indoors. The COVID-19 pandemic and the increased public health awareness have further elevated the urgency for cultivating and maintaining a healthy indoor environment. The advancement in emerging digital twin technologies including building information modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), data analytics, and smart control have led to new opportunities for building design and operation. Despite the numerous studies on developing methods for creating digital twins and enabling new functionalities and services in smart building management, very few have focused on the health of indoor environment. There is a critical need for understanding and envisaging how digital twin paradigms can be geared towards healthy indoor environment. Therefore, this study reviews the techniques for developing digital twins and discusses how the techniques can be customized to contribute to public health. Specifically, the current applications of BIM, IoT sensing, data analytics, and smart building control technologies for building digital twins are reviewed, and the knowledge gaps and limitations are discussed to guide future research for improving environmental and occupant health. Moreover, this paper elaborates a vision for future research on integrated digital twins for a healthy indoor environment with special considerations of the above four emerging techniques and issues. This review contributes to the body of knowledge by advocating for the consideration of health in digital twin modeling and smart building services and presenting the research roadmap for digital twin-enabled healthy indoor environment.

关键词： digital twin     healthy indoor environment     building information modeling     occupant–building interaction     COVID-19    

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Comparative analysis of impact of human occupancy on indoor microbiomes

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1383-1

摘要：

• Exposure to indoor microbiomes is a public health concern in educational facilities.

关键词： Built environment     Indoor microbiome     Occupant     Building     Sequencing    

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Indoor thermal comfort research on the hybrid system of radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air system

Weiliang WANG, Zhe TIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 155-160 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0244-z

摘要： The radiant cooling system generally operates with the dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). Air supply modes and the corresponding setting parameters of the hybrid system may substantially influence the indoor thermal comfort. With target indexes of air diffusion performance index (ADPI) and predicted mean vote (PMV), the Taguchi method was used to choose the optimal air supply mode and to analyze the significance of different factors on the thermal comfort. The results are expected for conducting the future design and regulation of the hybrid system. Computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation as well as verified experiments was performed during the research. Based on the ADPI studies, it is found that the air supply mode of ceiling delivery with ceiling exhaust is an optimized option to apply in DOAS of the hybrid system. Variance analysis results show that influence fact of air supply temperature is the most dominant one to impact the indoor thermal comfort index of PMV.

关键词： radiant cooling system     dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS)     thermal comfort     Taguchi method     variance analysis    

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Statistical analysis of residential building energy consumption in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Luhui ZHAO,Jincheng XING,Zhiqiang LU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 513-520 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0327-5

摘要： To analyze the effect of energy conservation policies on energy consumption of residential buildings, the characteristics of energy consumption and indoor thermal comfort were investigated in detail in Tianjin, China, based on official statistical yearbook and field survey data. A comprehensive survey of 305 households indicates that the mean electricity consumption per household is 3215 kWh/a, in which annual cooling electricity consumption is 344 kWh/a, and the mean natural gas consumption for cooking is 103.2 m /a. Analysis of 3966 households data shows that space heating average intensity of residential buildings designed before 1996 is 133.7 kWh/(m ·a), that of buildings designed between 1996 and 2004 is 117.2 kWh/(m ·a), and that of buildings designed after 2004 is 105.0 kWh/(m ·a). Apparently, enhancing the performance of envelops is effective in reducing space heating intensity. Furthermore, the results of questionnaires show that 18% of the residents feel slightly warm and hot respectively, while 3% feel slightly cold in winter. Therefore, the electricity consumption in summer will rise for meeting indoor thermal comfort.

关键词： energy intensity     indoor thermal comfort     residential building     survey     statistical analysis     energy conversation    

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Optimized porous clay heterostructure for removal of acetaldehyde and toluene from indoor air

Pu ZHAO,Lizhong ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 219-228 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0760-z

摘要： Adsorption is the most widely used technology for the removal of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, existing adsorbent-based technologies are inadequate to meet the regulatory requirement, due to their limited adsorption capacity and efficiency, especially under high relative humidity (RH) conditions. In this study, a series of new porous clay heterostructure (PCH) adsorbents with various ratios of micropores to mesopores were synthesized, characterized and tested for the adsorption of acetaldehyde and toluene. Two of them, PCH25 and PCH50, exhibited markedly improved adsorption capability, especially for hydrophilic acetaldehyde. The improved adsorption was attributed to their large micropore areas and high micropore-to-mesopore volume ratios. The amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed onto PCH25 at equilibrium reached 62.7 mg·g , eight times as much as the amount adsorbed onto conventional activated carbon (AC). Even at a high RH of 80%, PCH25 removed seven and four times more of the acetaldehyde than AC and the unmodified raw PCHs did, respectively. This new PCH optimized for their high adsorption and resistance to humidity has promising applications as a cost-effective adsorbent for indoor air purification.

关键词： porous clay heterostructure     volatile organic compounds     adsorption     adsorbent     indoor air    

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Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in anurban environment: performance and characterizations

Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0925-7

摘要： Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important indicator of photochemical smog and has adverse effects on human health and vegetation growth. A rapid and highly selective technique of thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS) was recently developed to measure the abundance of PAN in real time; however, it may be subject to artifact in the presence of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we tested the interference of the PAN signal induced by NO, evaluated the performance of TD-CIMS in an urban environment, and investigated the concentration and formation of PAN in urban Hong Kong. NO caused a significant underestimation of the PAN signal in TD-CIMS, with the underestimation increasing sharply with NO concentration and decreasing slightly with PAN abundance. A formula was derived to link the loss of PAN signal with the concentrations of NO and PAN, which can be used for data correction in PAN measurements. The corrected PAN data from TD-CIMS were consistent with those from the commonly used gas chromatography with electron capture detection, which confirms the utility of TD-CIMS in an urban environment in which NO is abundant. In autumn of 2010, the hourly average PAN mixing ratio varied from 0.06 ppbv to 5.17 ppbv, indicating the occurrence of photochemical pollution in urban Hong Kong. The formation efficiency of PAN during pollution episodes was as high as 3.9 to 5.9 ppbv per 100 ppbv ozone. PAN levels showed a near-linear increase with NO concentration, suggesting a control policy of NO reduction for PAN pollution.

关键词： TD-CIMS     Peroxyacetyl nitrate     Interference     Photochemical pollution     Formation efficiency    

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Relations between indoor and outdoor PM

Cong Liu, Yinping Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1089-4

摘要：

Factors impacting indoor-outdoor relations are introduced.

Sulfate seems a fine tracer for other non-volatile species.

Particulate nitrate and ammonium desorb during outdoor-to-indoor transport.

OC load increases during the transport due to sorption of indoor SVOCs.

关键词： Indoor air quality     Exposure     SVOC     Reactive oxidative species     Oxidative potential     Chemical transport model    

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Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below

Yunxia GAO, Lei WANG, Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 49-61 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0285-3

摘要： The current highly integrated electronics and energy systems are raising a growing demand for more sophisticated thermal management in harsh environments such as in space or some other cryogenic environment. Recently, it was found that room temperature liquid metals (RTLM) such as gallium or its alloys could significantly reduce the electronics temperature compared with the conventional coolant, like water, oil or more organic fluid. However, most of the works were focused on RTLM which may subject to freeze under low temperature. So far, a systematic interpretation on the preparation and thermal properties of liquid metals under low temperature (here defined as lower than 0°C) has not yet been available and related applications in cryogenic field have been scarce. In this paper, to promote the research along this important direction and to overcome the deficiency of RTLM, a comprehensive evaluation was proposed on the concept of liquid metal with a low melting point below zero centigrade, such as mercury, alkali metal and more additional alloy candidates. With many unique virtues, such liquid metal coolants are expected to open a new technical frontier for heat transfer enhancement, especially in low temperature engineering. Some innovative ways for making low melting temperature liquid metal were outlined to provide a clear theoretical guideline and perform further experiments to discover new materials. Further, a few promising applied situations where low melting temperature liquid metals could play irreplaceable roles were detailed. Finally, some main factors for optimization of low temperature coolant were summarized. Overall, with their evident merits to meet various critical requirements in modern advanced energy and power industries, liquid metals with a low melting temperature below zero centigrade are expected to be the next-generation high-performance heat transfer medium in thermal managements, especially in harsh environment in space.

关键词： liquid metal     cryogenics     low melting point     thermal management     aircraft     liquid cooling     space exploration    

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Indoor carbonyl compounds in an academic building in Beijing, China: concentrations and influencing factors

Chuanjia JIANG, Pengyi ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 184-194 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0309-3

摘要： Carbonyl compounds in indoor air are of great concern for their adverse health effects. Between February and May, 2009, concentrations of 13 carbonyl compounds were measured in an academic building in Beijing, China. Total concentration of the detected carbonyls ranged from 20.7 to 189.1 μg·m , and among them acetone and formaldehyde were the most abundant, with mean concentrations of 26.4 and 22.6 μg·m , respectively. Average indoor concentrations of other carbonyls were below 10 μg·m . Principal component analysis identified a combined effect of common indoor carbonyl sources and ventilation on indoor carbonyl levels. Diurnal variations of the carbonyl compounds were investigated in one office room, and carbonyl concentrations tended to be lower in the daytime than at night, due to enhanced ventilation. Average concentrations of carbonyl compounds in the office room were generally higher in early May than in late February, indicating the influence of temperature. Carbonyl source emission rates from both the room and human occupants were estimated during two lectures, based on one-compartment mass balance model. The influence of human occupants on indoor carbonyl concentrations varies with environmental conditions, and may become significant in the case of a large human occupancy.

关键词： carbonyl compounds     indoor air     ventilation     human occupancy     source emission rate (SER)     principal component analysis (PCA)    

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Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 227-239 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018071

摘要： Construction is considered among the most dangerous industries and is responsible for a large portion of total worker fatalities. A construction worker has a probability of 1-in-200 of dying on the job during a 45-year career, mainly due to fires, falls, and being struck by or caught between objects. Hence, employers must ensure their workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE), in particular hardhats, if they are at risk of falling, being struck by falling objects, hitting their heads on static objects, or coming in proximity to electrical hazards. However, monitoring the presence and proper use of hardhats becomes inefficient when safety officers must survey large areas and a considerable number of workers. Using images captured from indoor jobsites, this paper evaluates existing computer vision techniques, namely object detection and color-based segmentation tools, used to rapidly detect if workers are wearing hardhats. Experiments are conducted and the results highlight the potential of cascade classifiers, in particular, to accurately, precisely, and rapidly detect hardhats under different scenarios and for repetitive runs, and the potential of color-based segmentation to eliminate false detections.

关键词： construction     safety     personal protective equipment     hardhat     computer vision    

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高超声速飞行器综合热管理系统方案探讨

王佩广,刘永绩,王浚

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第2期   页码 38-48

摘要：

高超声速飞行器是当今世界航空航天领域研究的热点，由于其在飞行中遭受的热环境极其严酷，因 而可靠的综合热管理系统是安全飞行的保证。针对不同飞行任务的高超声速飞行器，分别提出了综合热管理系 统方案；对飞行时间短，飞行速度和高度变化快的飞行器，提出了以液氢燃料为主要热沉、相变蓄热材料为辅 助热沉的热管理方案；对飞行时间长，飞行马赫数高的飞行器，提出了以吸热型碳氢燃料为热沉的热管理方案； 分别探讨了两套方案涉及的关键技术，指出了未来研究工作的方向。

关键词： 高超声速     飞行器     热管理    

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Rural houses with appropriate strategies in northwest China: a practice of ecological houses in Ningxia Province

Qun ZHANG, Rui LIANG, Jiaping LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 483-489 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0092-4

摘要： The severe problem of rural vernacular houses in northwest china is low thermal comfortableness with high consumption of energy in winter. Under such circumstance, the appropriate technologies that create comfortable living environment under the inclement local weather by low cost should be encouraged. In Ningxia Province, Jianfuqiao village, the ecological technologies are presented. By comparing with traditional buildings, the testing and thermal environment analysis verified the effectiveness of the passive used solar technologies.

关键词： rural houses     ecological technology     thermal environment     northwest China    

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Field measurements on microclimate in residential community in Guangzhou, China

Zhuolun CHEN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG, Changshan WANG, Yongchao ZHAI, Fei WANG,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 462-468 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0066-6

摘要： Taking a certain housing in Guangzhou as an example, we conduct the field measurement of the microclimate at fixed points for air temperature, relative humidity, black globe temperature and wind speed, etc. We investigate the effects of manmade lake, shade of trees and ground surface character on outdoor thermal environment, and make a quantitative analysis on the weighting position of the landscape design factors in design behavior. The study intends to explore a method to improve the thermal environment of residential quarters by changing the corresponding factors.

关键词： microclimate     outdoor thermal environment     air temperature     black globe temperature     wind speed    

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室内导航系统视觉标记性能分析 Article

Gaetano C. LA DELFA,Salvatore MONTELEONE,Vincenzo CATANIA,Juan F. DE PAZ,Javier BAJO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第8期   页码 730-740 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500324

摘要： 智能手机大规模普及，人们对可穿戴设备和物联网兴趣倍增，以及定位服务指数级增长，使得室内定位导航成为近年来最重要的技术挑战之一。室内定位系统不仅在零售行业及定向推送广告行业有着巨大的市场，同时，它还可以部署在医院、机场、博物馆等公共建筑中，成为提升人们生活质量的基础性配置。甚至，在紧急情况下，是否部署室内定位系统，会造成生死之别。文献中已报道多种方法。近年来，得益于智能手机相机性能的大幅提升，无标记点和有标记点的计算机视觉方法得到开发。在之前的研究中，我们提出了一种利用低功耗蓝牙和嵌入地面的2D视觉标记系统进行室内定位导航的技术。在本文中，我们对3种可服务于实时应用的2D视觉标记（Vuforia，ArUco标记和AprilTag）进行了定性的性能评估。本文重点研究了附于地表瓷砖的3种视觉标记在特定情况下的表现，提出了最优视觉标记的甄选原则，为我们提出的室内定位导航技术提供技术支撑。

关键词： 室内定位；视觉标记；计算机视觉    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of natural resource on improving indoor thermal environment in Chongqing

Yong DING, Baizhan LI, Qing LUO, Hong LIU, Meng LIU

期刊论文

Digital twin for healthy indoor environment: A vision for the post-pandemic era

期刊论文

Comparative analysis of impact of human occupancy on indoor microbiomes

期刊论文

Indoor thermal comfort research on the hybrid system of radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air system

Weiliang WANG, Zhe TIAN

期刊论文

Statistical analysis of residential building energy consumption in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Luhui ZHAO,Jincheng XING,Zhiqiang LU

期刊论文

Optimized porous clay heterostructure for removal of acetaldehyde and toluene from indoor air

Pu ZHAO,Lizhong ZHU

期刊论文

Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in anurban environment: performance and characterizations

Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang

期刊论文

Relations between indoor and outdoor PM

Cong Liu, Yinping Zhang

期刊论文

Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below

Yunxia GAO, Lei WANG, Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

期刊论文

Indoor carbonyl compounds in an academic building in Beijing, China: concentrations and influencing factors

Chuanjia JIANG, Pengyi ZHANG

期刊论文

Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

期刊论文

高超声速飞行器综合热管理系统方案探讨

王佩广,刘永绩,王浚

期刊论文

Rural houses with appropriate strategies in northwest China: a practice of ecological houses in Ningxia Province

Qun ZHANG, Rui LIANG, Jiaping LIU

期刊论文

Field measurements on microclimate in residential community in Guangzhou, China

Zhuolun CHEN, Lihua ZHAO, Qinglin MENG, Changshan WANG, Yongchao ZHAI, Fei WANG,

期刊论文

室内导航系统视觉标记性能分析

Gaetano C. LA DELFA,Salvatore MONTELEONE,Vincenzo CATANIA,Juan F. DE PAZ,Javier BAJO

期刊论文